#Tafsir Ibn Kathir# Atas nama Allah yang Maha Pengasih, lagi Maha Penyayang. ~1. Sesungguhnya kami telah menurunkannya (Al-Qur'an) pada malam Qadar 2. Dan tahukah kamu apakah malam qadar itu? 3. Malam Qadar itu lebih baik daripada seribu bulan. 4. Pada malam itu turun para malaikat dan Ruh (Jibril) dengan izin Tuhannya untuk mengatur segala urusan. 5. Sejahteralah (malam itu) sampai terbit fajar. [Surah Al Qadr]~ #Keistimewaan malam Qadar# Allah memberitahu bahwa Ia mengirim Qur'an dan menurunkannya pada malam Al-Qadar, dan ini adalah malam yang diberkati. Allah berfirman, ~Kami turunkan Al-Qur'an pada malam yang diberkati [44:3]~ Ini adalah malam Al-Qadar dan terjadi selama bulan Ramadhan. Allah berfirman, ~Bulan Ramadhan adalah Bulan diturunkannya Al-Qur'an [2:185]~ Ibnu Abbas dan lainnya berkata, "Allah sent the Quran soen all at one time from the Preserved Tablet (Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz) to the House of Might (Baytul-Izzah), which is in the heaven of this world. Then it came down in parts to the Messenger of Allah based upon the incidents that occurred over a period of twenty-three years. " Kemudian Allah memuliakan status Malam Al-Qadr, yang Dia memilihnya untuk menurunkan wahyu Quran yang Perkasa, dengan mengatakan, ~Dan tahukah kamu apakah malam qadar itu? Malam Qadar itu lebih baik daripada seribu bulan. [At-Tabari 24:531, 532, and Al-Qurtubi 20:130]~ Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "Ketika Ramadhan akan datang Rasul SAW bersabda, ~"Sesungguhnya bulan Ramadhan telah datang kepada Anda semua. Itu adalah bulan yang diberkati. Allah telah mewajibkan kalian semua untuk berpuasa. Selama itu pintu-pintu surga dibuka, pintu-pintu neraka ditutup dan setan-setan dibelenggu. Di dalamnya ada suatu malam yang yang lebih baik dari seribu bulan, Siapa pun yang menyiakannya, maka ia telah benar-benar telah rugi besar."~ [Ahmad 2:230. There is witness for this narration from the Hadith of Anas bin Malik in the book of the Sunan. ] An-Nasai recorded this same Hadith. [An-Nasai 4:129] Selain fakta bahwa ibadah selama Malam Al-Qadar adalah setara dengan ibadah yang dilakukan selama seribu bulan,itu juga dikonfirmasi dalam Dua Sahihs dari Abu Hurairah bahwa Rasulullah berkata, ~"Barangsiapa berdiri (dalam doa) selama Malam Al-Qadr dengan iman dan mengharapkan pahala (dari Allah) maka ia akan diampuni dosa-dosa sebelumnya." [Fath Al-Bari 4:294, and Muslim 1:253]~ #Para Malaikat menyaksikan Setiap Kebajikan yang kita lakukan selama malam Al-Qadar# Allah berfirman, ~Pada malam itu turun para malaikat dan Ruh (Jibril) dengan izin Tuhannya untuk mengatur segala urusan.~ artinya para malaikat turun selama Malam Al-Qadar untuk membawa berkat-berkat berlimpah. Para malaikat turun dengan berkat dan rahmat. Ketika Quran dibacakan mereka mengelilingi dan Dzikir (mengingat Allah) mereka merendahkan sayap mereka dengan hormat untuk mereka yang beribadah. Dalam referensi untuk Ar-Ruh dikatakan bahwa di sini itu berarti malaikat Jibril sehingga kata-kata dari Ayah adalah metode untuk menambahkan nama objek yang berbeda (dalam hal ini Jibril) yang terpisah dari kelompok umum (dalam hal ini Malaikat). Mengenai pernyataan Allah, ~with every matter.~ Mujahid said, "Peace concerning every matter. " Sa'id bin Mansur said, Isa bin Yunus told us that Al'mash narrated to them that Mujahid said concerning Allah's statement, ~There is peace~ "It is security in which Shaytan cannot do any evil or any harm. " Qatadah and others have said, "The matters are determined during it, and the times of death and provisions are measured out (i. e., decided) during it. " Allah says, ~Therein is decreed every matter of decree [44:4]~ Then Allah says, ~There is peace until the appearance of dawn.~ Sa'id bin Mansur said, "Hushaym narrated to us on the sincerity of Abu Ishaq, who narrated that Ash-Sha'bi said concerning Allah's statement, ~With every matter, there is peace until the appearance of dawn.~ "The angels giving the greetings of peace during the Night of Al-Qadr to the people in the Masjids until the coming of Fajr (dawn). " Qatadah and Ibn Zayd both said concerning Alla's statement, ~There is Peace~ "This means all of it is good and there is no evil in it until the coming of Fajr (dawn). " #Tanda-tanda Malam Qadar# Hal ini didukung oleh apa yang dicatat dari Imam Ahmad bin Ubadah As-Samit bahwa Rasulullah berkata, "Malam Al-Qadar terjadi selama sepuluh hari terakhir (malam). Barang siapa berdiri bagi mereka (dalam ibadah) mencari pahala Allah, maka sesungguhnya Allah akan mengampuni dosa-dosa sebelumnya dan dosa sesudahnya. Ini adalah malam ganjil: kesembilan atau ketujuh, atau yang kelima, atau ketiga atau malam terakhir (Ramadan). " Rasulullah SAW bersabda, "Verily, the sign of the Night of Al-Qadr is that it is pure and glowing as if ther were a bright, tranquil, calm moon during it. It is not cold, nor is it hot, and no shooting star is permitted until morning. Its sign is that the sun appears on the morning following it smooth having no rays on it, just like the moon on a full moon night. Shaytan is not allowed to come out with it (the sun) on that day. " [Ahmad 5:324. It is a Mursal narration. ] This chain of narration is good. In its text there is some oddities and in some of its wordings there are things that are objectionable. Abu Dawud mentioned a section in his Sunan that he titled, "Chapter: Clarification that the Night of Al-Qadr occurs during every Ramadan. " Then he recorded that Abdullah bin Umar said, "The Messenger of Allah was asked about the Night of Al-Qadr while I was listening and he said, "It occurs during every Ramadan. " [Abu Dawud 2:111. This narration is considered Mawquf. ] The men of this chain of narration are all reliable, but Abu Dawud said that Shu'bah and Sufyan both narrated from Ishaq and they both considered it to be a statement of the Companion (Ibn Umar, and thus not the statement of the Prophet). It has been reported that Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri said, "Rasulullah SAW I'tikaf selama sepuluh malam pertama bulan Ramadan dan kami melakukan Itikaf dengan dia, Lalu Jibril datang kepadanya dan berkata 'Apa yang engkau cari ada di depan Anda'. Jadi Nabi melakukan I'tikaf selama sepuluh hari pertengahan bulan Ramadan dan kami juga melakukan I'tikaf dengan dia Lalu Jibril datang kepadanya dan berkata "Itu apa yang engkau cari adalah di depan Anda '. Sehingga Nabi berdiri dan memberi khotbah pada pagi hari kedua puluh bulan Ramadan dan dia berkata, "Siapa pun yang melakukan Itikaf dengan saya biarkan dia datang kembali (untuk Itikaf lagi) karena sesungguhnya aku melihat malam Al-Qadr dan disebabkan saya melupakannya dan memang itu adalah selama sepuluh hari terakhir (malam) Hal ini selama satu malam ganjil dan aku melihat diriku seakan-akan aku bersujud dalam lumpur dan air. " Atap Masjid terbuat dari daun pohon palem kering dan kami tidak melihat apa-apa (kecuali awan) di langit Tapi kemudian sepetak awan didorong angin datang dan hujan Jadi Nabi memimpin kami dalam doa sampai kita melihat jejak lumpur dan air di dahi Rasulullah, yang dikonfirmasi mimpinya. " In one narration it adds that this occurred on the morning of the twenty-first night (meaning the next morning). They both (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) recorded it in the Two Sahihs. [Fath Al Bari 2:329, 318, and Muslim 2:824] Ash-Shafii said, "This Hadith is the most authentic of what has been reported. " It has also been said that it is on the twenty-third night due to a Hadith narrated from Abdullah bin Unays in Sahih Muslim. [Muslim 2:827] It has also been reported that it is on the twenty-fifth night due to what Al-Bukhari recorded from Ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah said, ~"Seek it in the last ten (nights) of Ramadan. In the ninth it still remains in the seventh it still remains, in the fifth it still remains." [Fath Al-Bari 4:306]~ Many have explained this Hadith to refer to the odd nights, and this is the most apparrent and most popular explanation. It has also been said that it occurs on the twenty-seventh night because of what Muslim recorded in his Sahih from Ubay bin Ka'b that the Messenger of Allah mentioned that it was on the twenty-seventh night. [Muslim 2:828] Imam Ahmad recorded from Zirr that he asked Ubayy bin Ka'b "O Abu Al-Mundhir! Verily, your borther Ibn Masud says whoever stands for prayer (at night) the entire year, will catch the Night of Al-Qadr. "He (Ubayy) said, "May allah have mercy upon him. Indeed he knows that it is the twenty-seventh night. " Then he swore by Allah. Zirr then said, "How do you know that?" Ubayy replied "by a sign or an indication that he (the Prophet) informed us of. It rises that next day having no rays on it - meaning the sun. " [Ahmad 5:130] Muslim has also recorded it. [Muslim 2:828] It has been said that it is the night of the twenty-ninth. Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal recorded from 'Ubadah bin As-Samit that he asked the Messenger of Allah about the Night of Decree and he replied, ~"Seek it in Ramadan in the last ten nights. For verily, it is during the odd nights, the twenty-first, or the twenty-third, or the twenty-fifth, or the twenty-seventh, or the twenty-ninth, or during the last night." [Ahmad 5:318 There is a deficiency in it's chain of narration, but the meanings are found with others.]~ Imam Ahmad also recorded from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah said about the Night of Al-Qadr, "Verily, it is during the twenty-seventh or the twenty-ninth night. And verily, the angels who are on the earth during that night are more numerous than the number of pebbles. " [Ahmad 2:519] Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith and there is nothing wrong with its chain of narration. At-Tirmidhi recorded from Abu Qilabah that he said, "the Night of Al-Qadr moves around (i. e., from year to year) throughout the last ten nights. " This view that At-Tirmidhi mentions from Abu Qilabah has also been recorded by Malik, Ath-Thawri, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Ishaq bin Rahuyah, Abu Thar, Al-Muzani, Abu Bakr bin Khuzaymah and others. It has also been related from Ash-Shafi'i and Al-Qadhi reported it from him, and this is most likely. And Allah knows best. #Supplication during the Night of Decree# It is recommended to supplicate often during all times, especially during the month of Ramadan, in the last ten nights, and during the odd nights of it even more so. It is recommended that one say the following supplication a lot: ~"O Allah! Verily, you are the Oft-Pardoning, You love to pardon, so pardon me."~ This is due to what Imam Ahmad recorded from Aishah that she said "O Messenger of Allah! If I find the Night of Al-Qadr what should I say?" He replied, ~Say : "O Allah! Verily You are the Oft-Pardoning, You love to pardon, so pardon me." [Ahmad 6:182]~ At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasai and Ibn Majah have all recorded this Hadith. At-Tirmdhi said "This Hadith is Hasan Sahih". [Tahfat Al-Ahwadhi 9:495, An-Nasai in Al-Kurba 6:218, and Ibn Majah 2:1265] Al-Hakim recorded it in his Mustadrak (with a different chain of narration) and he said that it is authentic according to the criterial of the two Shaykhs (Al-Bukhari and Muslim). [Al-Hakim 1:530] An Nasai also recorded it. [An-Nasai in Al-Kubra 6:219] This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Laylat Al-Qadr and all praise and blessing are due to Allah.